Making a number guessing game object-oriented

[JohnYossasian]

I am trying to learn object oriented concepts. I have code for a simple number guessing game using windows forms. I am trying to make object oriented. I have had some success with console applications, but with windows forms I am increasingly confused. I realize I methods like initializegame(), gameWon(), GameLost(), FinishGame() but I'm having a hard time creating objects, and calling them, etc... Anybody have any suggestions? Also, is there a code formatting tool for this forum?

Namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        Random number = new Random(); // This is declaring number; our randomizer
        int randomNumber; // Our randomized number
        int guessedNumber; // Our guessed number


        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            randomNumber = number.Next(1, 10);

        }

        private void textBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (textBox1.Text != "")
            {
                try
                {
                    guessedNumber = int.Parse(textBox1.Text);
                }
                catch
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("Please enter an integer from 1-10", "Error!");
                    textBox1.Clear();
                }
            }
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            guessedNumber = int.Parse(textBox1.Text);
            bool win = false;
            bool wrong = false;
            if (textBox1.Text == "")
            {
                MessageBox.Show("Please enter an integer from 1-10!", "Error!");
                textBox1.Clear();
            }
            else
            {
                if (guessedNumber >= 1 && guessedNumber <= 10)
                {
                    if (guessedNumber == randomNumber)
                    {
                        win = true;
                        if (win == true)
                        {
                            if (MessageBox.Show("You have won! Would you like to play again ?", "You win!", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) == DialogResult.Yes)
                            {
                                randomNumber = number.Next(1, 10);
                                label3.Text = "4";
                                textBox1.Clear();
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                this.Close();
                            }
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // Do nothing
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        wrong = true;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("Please enter an integer from 1-10!", "Error!");
                    textBox1.Clear();
                }
            }
            if (wrong == true)
            {
                label3.Text = (int.Parse(label3.Text) - 1).ToString();
                if (label3.Text == "0")
                {
                    if (MessageBox.Show("You have lost! The randomized number was " + randomNumber + ". Would you like to play again ?", "You lost!", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) == DialogResult.Yes)
                    {
                        randomNumber = number.Next(1, 10);
                        label3.Text = "4";
                        textBox1.Clear();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        this.Close();
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (guessedNumber > randomNumber)
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("Lower!", "Wrong!");
                        textBox1.Clear();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("Higher!", "Wrong!");
                        textBox1.Clear();
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                // Do nothing
            }
 }

        private void progressBar1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }
    }
 }

[BioPhysEngr]

So, objects are not too complicated, they're just a group of related variables, possibly with some subroutines ("methods") that are somehow related.

So you might have something like this:

//Declare a class, which describes what types of data an object stores and the methods you might call
class NumberGuessingGame
{
    public bool gameIsOver;      //Public means I can read this variable from a subroutine outside the class
    private int randomNumber;  //Private means I can only read this variable from inside the class

    //A random number generator
    Random rng;

    //A constructor, which we will call to create a new NumberGuessingGame
    public NumberGuessingGame()
    {
        gameIsOver = false; //We haven't guessed the number yet, so the game still goes on

        rng = new Random();                  //Get a random number generator for this instance
        randomNumber = rng.Next(0, 10); //Get a random number between 0 and 9, inclusive
    }

    //Then we'll create a method that returns TRUE if a guess is correct
    public bool makeGuess(int guessedNumber)
    {
        //If the number we guessed is equal to the randomNumber stored in this object (this is a reserved keyword)
        if( guessedNumber == this.randomNumber)
        {
            this.gameIsOver = true;
            return true;
        }

        //Otherwise, the game continues and the guess was wrong
        return false;
    }
    
    //Or maybe we want to be able to give a string as a guess and have it interpret it as a number
    public bool makeGuess(string guessedNumber)
    {
        //Call the makeGuess subroutine associated with THIS object
        return this.makeGuess(Int32.parse(guessedNumber));
    }
}

So then you could call this like:

public static void main(string[] args)
{
    //Make a new guessing game instance
    //An instance is a SPECIFIC collection of information
    //For example, you might have written a "class" representing book with variables like title, year of publication, etc
    //But an INSTANCE of that class is data representing some specific book (e.g. Moby Dick) using the "Book" class

    NumberGuessingGame myGame = new NumberGuessingGame();

    //Then loop until you win
    while( ! myGame.isGameOver )
    {
        Console.Write("Guess a number: ");
        string myGuess = Console.ReadLine();

        //Then check your guess
        myGame.makeGuess(myGuess);

    }  //Loop until the game is over

    //When they finally guess the number, display a congratulatory message and exit
    Console.WriteLine("You win!");
    
}

Does that make it a little more clear? You could, in principle, have several games going at the same time by declaring several instances (objects) of the NumberGuessingGame class:

NumberGuessingGame game1 = new NumberGuessingGame();
NumberGuessingGame game2 = new NumberGuessingGame();

//Code to play the game, separately, goes here...
game1.guess("1") //Guess that game1's secret variable is 1...

//...etc...

Hope that helps! Try making modifications until you understand.

Hopefully there are no syntax errors, but I pretty much just typed code into the window, so it's possible there might be some typos... (hopefully not though).