identifier not found

[weitrem]

After i compiled this code for first time the library "windows.h" was missing and i got some strange errors, but now after i added it i get those, but i can't really figure out why, i posted the code and the errors below.

#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <windows.h>
#define LEFT  1
#define RIGHT 2
using namespace std;

struct node
{
	char word[20], meaning[100];
	node *left, *right;
};

node *maketree ( char[], char[] );

node* treefromfile ( );
void filefromtree ( node* );
void addword ( node*, char[], char[] );
void seperateword ( char[], char[], char[] );
void displayall ( node* );
node* bsearch ( node*, char[] );
void showmenu ( );
FILE *file_ptr;

void prog ( )
{
	clrscr ( );
	char word[20], meaning[100];
	int menuchoice;
	node *temp;
	temp = treefromfile ( );
	if( temp == NULL )
	{
		cout << "File does not exist or dictionary is empty...";
		getch ( );
	}
	while( 1 )
	{
		clrscr ( );
		showmenu ( );
		cin>>menuchoice;
			switch( menuchoice )
		{
			case 1:cout << "Enter word : ";
				cin >> word;
				cout << "Enter meaning : ";
				flushall ( );
				gets ( meaning );
				if( temp == NULL )
					temp = maketree ( word, meaning );
				else
					addword ( temp, word, meaning );
				break;
			case 2:if( temp == NULL )
				cout << "The dictionary is empty...";
				   else
				   {
					   cout << "Find meaning of : ";
					   flushall ( );
					   gets ( word );
					   node *t;
					   t = bsearch ( temp, word );
					   if( t == NULL )
						   cout << "Word not found...";
					   else
					   {
						   cout << t->word;
						   puts ( t->meaning );
					   }
				   }
				   getch ( );
				   break;
			case 3:if( temp == NULL )
				cout << "Dictionary is empty...";
				   else
					   displayall ( temp );
				getch ( );
				break;
			case 4:filefromtree ( temp );
				exit ( 1 );
				break;
			default:cout << "Enter Again";
				
				prog ( );
				break;
		}
	}
}
void showmenu ( )
{
	cout << "COMPUTER DICTIONARY";
	cout << "[1].Add a word.";
	cout << "[2].Find meaning.";
	cout << "[3].Display all.";
	cout << "[4].Save and Close.";
	cout << "Enter Choice";
}
node* treefromfile ( )
{
	node *ptree = NULL;
	char word[20], meaning[100], str[120], *i;
	int flags = 0;
	file_ptr = fopen ( "C:\dict.anu", "r" );
	if( file_ptr == NULL )
		ptree = NULL;
	else
	{

		while( !feof ( file_ptr ) )
		{
			i = fgets ( str, 120, file_ptr );
			if( i == NULL )
				break;
			seperateword ( str, word, meaning );
			if( flags == 0 )
			{
				ptree = maketree ( word, meaning );
				flags = 1;
			}
			else
				addword ( ptree, word, meaning );
		}

		fclose ( file_ptr );
	}
	return ptree;
}
node* maketree ( char w[], char m[] )
{
	node *p;
	p = new node;
	strcpy ( p->word, w );
	strcpy ( p->meaning, m );
	p->left = NULL;
	p->right = NULL;
	return p;
}
void seperateword ( char str[], char w[], char m[] )
{
	int i, j;
	for( i = 0; str[i] != ' '; i++ )
		w[i] = str[i];
	w[i++] = NULL;	//Append the null and skip the space.
	for( j = 0; str[i] != '		';i++,j++)
	{
		m[j] = str[i];
	}
	m[j] = NULL;
}
void addword ( node *tree, char word[], char meaning[] )
{
	node *p, *q;
	p = q = tree;
	while( strcmp ( word, p->word ) != 0 && p != NULL )
	{
		q = p;
		if( strcmp ( word, p->word ) < 0 )
			p = p->left;
		else
			p = p->right;
	}
	if( strcmp ( word, q->word ) == 0 )
	{
		cout<<"This word already exists...";
			
	}
	else if( strcmp ( word, q->word ) < 0 )
		q->left = maketree ( word, meaning );
	else
		q->right = maketree ( word, meaning );
}
node* bsearch ( node *tree, char word[] )
{
	node *q;
	q = tree;
	while( q != NULL )
	{
		//p=q;
		if( strcmp ( word, q->word ) < 0 )
			q = q->left;
		else if( strcmp ( word, q->word ) > 0 )
			q = q->right;
		if( strcmp ( word, q->word ) == 0 )
			break;
	}
	return q;
}
void filefromtree ( node *tree )
{
	void travandwrite ( node* );
	file_ptr = fopen ( "C:\dict.anu", "w" );
	if( file_ptr == NULL )
	{
		cout<<"Cannot open file for writing data...";
	}
	else //if(tree==NULL)
	{
		if( tree != NULL )
		{
			travandwrite ( tree );
		}
		fclose ( file_ptr );  //Close the file anyway.
	}
}
void travandwrite ( node *tree )
{
	if( tree != NULL )
	{
		cout << tree->word << " = " << tree->meaning;
			travandwrite ( tree->left );
		travandwrite ( tree->right );
	}
}
void displayall ( node *tree )
{
	if( tree != NULL )
	{
		displayall ( tree->left );
		cout<<tree->word<<" = "<<tree->meaning;
			displayall ( tree->right );
	}
}

void intro ( )
{
	int i;
	clrscr ( );
	gotoxy ( 20, 20 );
	cout << "DICTIONARY LOADING";
	for( i = 0; i < 50; i++ )
	{
		gotoxy ( 15 + i, 21 );
		cout << "þþþ";
		gotoxy ( 20, 22 );
		cout << 2 * i << "% completed";
		
	}
	gotoxy ( 20, 20 );
	cout << "DICTIONARY LOADING COMPLETED";
	clrscr ( );
}
void main ( )
{
	clrscr ( );
	intro ( );
	prog ( );
}

1>  dictionary.cpp
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(29): error C3861: 'clrscr': identifier not found
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(41): error C3861: 'clrscr': identifier not found
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(105): warning C4129: 'd' : unrecognized character escape sequence
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(193): warning C4129: 'd' : unrecognized character escape sequence
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(229): error C3861: 'clrscr': identifier not found
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(230): error C3861: 'gotoxy': identifier not found
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(234): error C3861: 'gotoxy': identifier not found
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(236): error C3861: 'gotoxy': identifier not found
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(240): error C3861: 'gotoxy': identifier not found
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(242): error C3861: 'clrscr': identifier not found
1>c:\users\alex\desktop\test\dictionary\dictionary\dictionary.cpp(246): error C3861: 'clrscr': identifier not found

[Richard.J]

for clrscr/gotoxy, you need to

#include <conio.h>

and for this:

file_ptr = fopen ( "C:\dict.anu", "r" );

you need to either use double backslashes or a forward slash.
A single backslash masks the following character, and the compiler is evaluating the string you are passing.

[2kaud]

conio.h for Microsoft VS does not contain clrscr()/gotoxy(). These are from the Borland Turbo compilers and are non-standard. For further info see

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7...otoxy-function
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9...-function-in-c

[Richard.J]

Thanks for correcting me, 2kaud.
I just did a quick google without further reading when I spotted conio.h.