Use WM_COPYDATA and the COPYDATASTRUCT structure to do this.

Here's sample code form MSDN:

Code:
// ************ Globals ************
//
#define MYDISPLAY 1
typedef struct tagMYREC
{
   char  s1[80];
   char  s2[80];
   DWORD n;
} MYREC;
COPYDATASTRUCT MyCDS;
MYREC MyRec;
HRESULT hResult;
BOOL CALLBACK InfoDlgProc( HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM );

// ************ Code fragment ****************
// Get data from user. InfoDlgProc stores the information in MyRec.
//
   DialogBox( ghInstance, "InfoDlg", hWnd, (DLGPROC) InfoDlgProc );
//
// Copy data into structure to be passed via WM_COPYDATA.
// Also, we assume that truncation of the data is acceptable.
//
   hResult = StringCbCopy( MyRec.s1, sizeof(MyRec.s1), szFirstName );
   if (hResult != S_OK)
   		return False;
   hResult = StringCbCopy( MyRec.s2, sizeof(MyRec.s2), szLastName );
   if (hResult != S_OK)
   		return False;
   MyRec.n = nAge;
//
// Fill the COPYDATA structure
// 
   MyCDS.dwData = MYPRINT;          // function identifier
   MyCDS.cbData = sizeof( MyRec );  // size of data
   MyCDS.lpData = &MyRec;           // data structure
//
// Call function, passing data in &MyCDS
//
   hwDispatch = FindWindow( "Disp32Class", "Hidden Window" );
   if( hwDispatch != NULL )
      SendMessage( hwDispatch,
                   WM_COPYDATA,
                   (WPARAM)(HWND) hWnd,
                   (LPARAM) (LPVOID) &MyCDS );
   else
      MessageBox( hWnd, "Can't send WM_COPYDATA", "MyApp", MB_OK );


The receiving application has a hidden window which receives the information from WM_COPYDATA and displays it to the user.



// ************ Globals ************
//
#define MYDISPLAY 1
typedef struct tagMYREC
{
   char  s1[80];
   char  s2[80];
   DWORD n;
} MYREC;
PCOPYDATASTRUCT pMyCDS;
void WINAPI MyDisplay( LPSTR, LPSTR, DWORD );
//
// ************ Code fragment ****************
//
case WM_COPYDATA:
   pMyCDS = (PCOPYDATASTRUCT) lParam;
   switch( pMyCDS->dwData )
   {
      case MYDISPLAY:
         MyDisplay( (LPSTR) ((MYREC *)(pMyCDS->lpData))->s1,
                    (LPSTR) ((MYREC *)(pMyCDS->lpData))->s2,
                    (DWORD) ((MYREC *)(pMyCDS->lpData))->n );
   }
   break;