Is there a way to solve the problem of debugging as an algorithm or instruction,

[alwaystudent]

Assuming there are expressions in the code in the log, then searching for the log expression can lead to lines or lines of source code

One recipe can be this

1- Find the first error message in the log.
2- Find the corresponding line in the code.
3- Find incorrect variable / incorrect function with watch / backtrace.

Is there a complete and detailed algorithm, or Ã*nstruction or standard, especially for gdb and C ++
For example
Consider a large application, with C ++ and Linux, if you go wrong and find a variable with a bad value, how do you determine where it got value. With grep in the source or code execution and watch ? With what pattern of debug do you track the bad value variable to the first variable that caused the error probably related to a table ?